1 April is a very special day for the people of Odisha. This is not just a date but a day of pride and happiness. In 1936, on this day, Odisha became a separate state and Odia language was recognized. All this was not easy; For this, people worked hard and struggled for years. Organizations such as Madhusudan Das and Utkal Samhanani made a big contribution. Today, on the occasion of Utkal Day, Odisha celebrates its culture, tradition and history. This day resides in every Odia’s heart and strengthens their unity and identity.
Establishment of Odisha and Historical Background
Odisha, formerly known as Orissa, became a separate state on 1 April 1936. It was earlier part of the provinces of Bihar and Orissa, which was separated from the Bengal Presidency by the British government in 1912. Odisha was the first state in India to be formed on the basis of language. At the time of its formation, Koraput and Ganjam districts were added to Madras Presidency.
Struggle and movement for Odisha
The demand for a separate state for Odisha began at the end of the 19th century. This movement was to save Odia language, culture and identity. The “Utkal Sabha” was formed in 1882, raising the demand for a separate state for Odisha. In 1903, an organization called “Utkal Sangani” was formed under the leadership of Madhusudan Das. He is considered a prominent leader in the formation of the state of Odisha. In 1936, Odisha became a separate state due to his efforts and policies of the Indian National Congress.
British rule and Odisha’s political status
There were many major changes in Odisha during British rule. In 1568, the Bengal Sultanate captured the region. Later it came under the control of the Marathas and in 1803 it surrendered to the British. Earlier, Odisha was part of the Bengal Presidency but in 1912 it found a new administrative structure as Bihar and Orissa province. However, Odia -speaking people did not get any special benefit in the administration, which further increased the demand for a separate state.
Importance of Utkal Day
April 1 is celebrated as Utkal Day, which reminds of the formation of Odisha. This day is celebrated to respect Odisha’s rich culture, tradition and struggle. On this occasion, famous sand artist Sudarshan Patnaik will showcase the greatness of Odisha through his artifacts. Odisha is not only the first state in India formed on the basis of language, but it is also known for its historical heritage, art and traditions.