Mohammad Ali Jouhar (English: Mohammad Ali Jouhar, born- December 10, 1878, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh; died- January 4, 1931, England) was a famous freedom fighter, journalist and educationist of India. He published a weekly newspaper named ‘Comrade’ in 1911. This paper was banned by the then British government in 1914 and Mohammad Ali was sentenced to four years of imprisonment. Mohammad Ali also participated in the ‘Khilafat Movement’ and established ‘Jamia Millia University’ in Aligarh, which was later brought to Delhi. He was also made the education officer of Raipur state.
Birth
Mohammad Ali was born on December 10, 1878 in Rampur, Uttar Pradesh. He was the brother of Maulana Shaukat Ali. Mohammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali were famous as ‘Ali brothers’ in Indian politics. Mohammad Ali was a Pathan of Ruhela tribe. His father’s name was Abdul Ali Khan and mother’s name was Abadi Bano Begum. When Maulana Mohammad Ali was 5 years old his father died. After his father’s death, his mother had to shoulder all the responsibilities. His mother brought him up.[1]
Education
Mohammad Ali received education in Bareilly, Agra and England. In 1896 AD, he did B.A. degree from Allahabad. After the death of his father, Mohammad Ali received his primary education in Urdu and Persian at home. Later he was sent to Bareilly for high school studies and from there he passed the high school examination. He went to Aligarh for further studies and passed the BA examination there. Maulana Mohammad Ali’s elder brother Shaukat Ali wanted Maulana Johar to pass the ICS (Indian Civil Services) examination. For this he was sent to Oxford University, but Maulana Mohammad Ali could not succeed there.
business start up
Maulana Mohammad Ali started working as the Chief Education Officer in Rampur State after returning from London. He also worked there in Baroda State. He published a weekly newspaper named ‘Comrade’ in Kolkata in 1911 and came to Delhi in 1912. After this, Mohammad Ali started his second newspaper named ‘Hamdard’ in 1913. At that time, the English newspaper ‘Comrade’ and the Urdu daily ‘Hamdard’ were considered the famous newspapers of their time.
Agitation
Mohammed Ali was a distinct critic of British policies on behalf of Muslims. Mohammad Ali supported the ‘Khilafat Movement’ and played an important role in the movement. Maulana Saheb was arrested in 1915 and sent to jail for 4 years. Established a new National “Muslim University” which became known as “Jamia Millia Islamia”. He participated in the meeting of ‘All India Muslim League’ held in Dhaka in 1986. Became its president in 1918. During the Khilafat Movement, he was elected Chairman of the ‘Khilaf Committee’ and in 1919 represented England and a group of Muslim leaders in this movement. In 1923 he was elected President of the Indian National Congress. He opposed the ‘Nehru Report’ and participated in the Round Table Conference held in 1931 as a representative of the Muslim League.
death
In 1930, Mohammad Ali attended the first Round Table Conference in London. Where he died on January 4, 1931.
