History News Desk !!! Pt Motilal Nehru (English: pt. Motilal Nehru, born: May 6, 1861 – Death: 6 February, 1931) was the father of the first Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru. He was a Kashmiri Brahmin. His wife’s name was ‘Swaroop Rani’. In India’s independence movement, Motilal Nehru was a person who not only kept the pride of his life completely on stake but also put everything at stake for the country, including family members. Motilal Nehru was one of the major lawyers of the country in his time. He was greatly influenced by western living, dress and thoughts. But later when he came in contact with Mahatma Gandhi, he got a change in his life. Pandit Motilal Nehru was among the top lawyers of his time. At that time, he used to charge thousands of rupees. His clients had mostly large zamindars and local princely helesments, but he did not lag behind in helping the poor.
family background
Pandit Gangadhar Nehru, the father of Pt Motilal Nehru, when looting and slaughter in Delhi, had left everything and reached Agra safely with his family. But he could not permanently accumulate his family in Agra that in 1861 only at the young age of thirty-four years, he left his family almost destitute and traveled from this world. Pandit Motilal Nehru was born on 6 May 1861, three months after the death of Pandit Gangadhar Nehru. Pandit Gangadhar Nehru had three sons. The greatest Pandit Bansidhar Nehru was, who became a servant in the then Justice Department after Victoria’s rule was established in India. The younger Pandit Nandlal Nehru was from him, who was a Diwan of ‘Khetri’, a small princely state of Rajasthan for about ten years. He later returned to Agra.
He studied law by staying in Agra and then started advocating there. Apart from these two sons, the third son was Pandit Motilal Nehru. Pandit Nandlal Nehru raised and taught his younger brother Motilal. Pandit Nandlal Nehru was counted among the successful lawyers of Agra. He had to spend most of his time in Allahabad due to the construction of a High Court in connection with the cases. Therefore, he got a house built in Allahabad and took his family permanently to Allahabad and started living there. When Motilal Nehru was 25 years old, his elder brother passed away.
Early life
Motilal Nehru was born in a Kashmiri Pandit family. His father’s name was Gangadhar. He was one of the first generation of Indians to teach western-western education. Pandit Motilal Nehru did not pay much attention to reading and writing but was noted for his school and college for his laughter and sports. In the beginning, he studied Arabic and Persian.
Education
Pandit Motil Nehru did not pay serious attention to his education. When B.A. When the time of examination came, he did not prepare for the exam at all. When he had done the first paper, he felt that there is no hope of passing this exam, because that paper has not satisfied with that paper and thinking that he did not give the rest of the papers and went to visit the Taj Mahal. But that exam had gone well. So the professor called him and scolded him a lot, but what could have happened now. As a result, Motilal Nehru’s education ended here. That B.A. Could not pass His early education was received in Kanpur and later in Allahabad. Initially, he practiced in Kanpur itself.
Effect of western civilization
In his college life, Motilal Nehru was so impressed with Western civilization that he had completely adapted himself to the same structure. At that time, in big cities like Calcutta and Bombay, people adopted western costumes, living and civilization, but Motil Nehru adopted a new revolution by Motil Nehru adopting western costumes and civilization in a small city like Allahabad. Gave birth to When the first ‘bicycle’ came in India, Motilal Nehru was the first person from Allahabad to buy bicycle.
Advocacy
Motilal Nehru’s studies had remained incomplete but he was very sharp intellect from the beginning. He did not lack knowledge and wisdom. When he took the advocacy examination of Allahabad High Court, everyone was surprised. He had not only obtained ‘first place’ in this examination, but he also got a ‘gold medal’. He had an interest in law from a very initial phase. He had a profound effect on his elder brother Nandlal Nehru. Nandlal Nehru was counted among the good lawyers of Kanpur. Therefore, Motilal Nehru started his advocacy as his assistant. Pandit Motelil Nehru had decided to achieve success in the profession of advocacy. Therefore, he worked hard and soon he started being counted among the fast-paced lawyers of Kanpur.
He practiced in the district courts of Kanpur for three years and then came to Allahabad and started practicing in the High Court. Motilal Nehru became a barrister and settled in the city of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh. Motilal soon became famous for himself in the legal business of Allahabad. With his success, he bought a house in Allahabad’s ‘Civil Lane’ and a house and named that house ‘Anand Bhavan’. In 1909, he reached the peak of his legal career by displaying his merit in the ‘Privy Council, Great Britain’. The Kashmiri Brahmin community of traditional orthodox Hinduism became angry with him due to continuous visit to Europe. To get a reputation in the society, he asked him to perform some religious rituals, because it was mandatory to get prestige in the conservative Brahmin community, but Motilal did not believe all these things.
His lifestyle was western. He was a rich person. In 1918, under the influence of Mahatma Gandhi, the Indian National Congress came under the influence and influenced by Gandhiji, it was done to change his life by adopting the native Indian lifestyle. Nehru used to adopt his own business of law to meet his big family and family expenses. Later he built ‘Swaraj Bhavan’ for the family. Motilal Nehru married ‘Swaroop Rani’, a Kashmiri Brahmin.
children
Jawaharlal Nehru was born in 1889 at Motilal’s house. Later, his two daughters, Sarup, who later became known as Vijayalakshmi Pandit and Krishna, who was later known as Krishnathi Singh, was born. Vijayalakshmi Pandit, in his autobiography ‘The Scope of Happiness’, refreshed childhood memories,’ His father was completely convinced of Western thoughts and living. At that time, he provided English education to all his children. According to Vijayalakshmi Pandit, ‘Motilal Nehru used to give grand parties in Anand Bhavan at that time in which the country’s well -known people and British officers used to attend. But later, after meeting Mahatma Gandhi in these Motilal’s life, there was a complete change and even his bed started to be on the ground.
political career
Pandit Motilal’s hold on the law was very strong. For this reason, the all -party conference in protest against the Simon Commission formed a committee in 1927 under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru which was entrusted with the responsibility of forming the Constitution of India. The report of this committee is known as ‘Nehru Report’. After this, Motilal came to Allahabchd High Court and started advocacy. Motilal was elected to the United Provinces, currently Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1910. After the 1919 Jallianwala Bagh firing in Amritsar, he gave up his advocacy at the call of Mahatma Gandhi. He was elected President of Congress twice in 1919 and 1920. He formed the ‘Swaraj Party’ in 1923 with ‘Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das’. Through this party, he reached the Central Legislative Assembly ‘and later became the Leader of the Opposition. In the assembly, Motilal strongly criticized many laws of the government due to his legal knowledge. Motilal Nehru also ran the ‘Independent Newspaper’ to put forward the side of the Indian people in the freedom movement.
Death
Motilal Nehru, who went to jail several times for India’s independence, died on 6 February 1931 in Lucknow. On the death of Motilal Nehru, the Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi said that- “It is not a funeral pyre, the havan of the nation and this is a great sacrifice put in the yajna.
