Britain: Lakhs of people die every year due to a deadly disease like cancer. Cancer patients are continuously increasing in many countries of the world including India. A recent news regarding cancer hit the headlines when the Princess of Wales released a touching video message on March 22 to dispel speculations about her health. In it he revealed that he had been diagnosed with cancer after undergoing major abdominal surgery at a London hospital in January. Princess Catherine said she was undergoing “preventive chemotherapy”, but insisted her surgery had been a success. She says that she is feeling better and her health is improving every day. The message was the second announcement in recent weeks about a member of the royal family being diagnosed with cancer.
Deaths due to cancer are increasing all over the world
On February 5, Buckingham Palace released a statement that King Charles III had been diagnosed with an undetermined form of cancer. The statement clarified that Charles is currently being treated for a problem related to his enlarged prostate. The King has suspended all public duties during treatment but is “fulfilling his constitutional role as head of state.” Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. One in two people will develop some form of cancer in their lifetime, so this condition will affect almost every family. However, many cancers are curable if the condition is detected early and treated effectively, as appears to be the case with Maharaja.
What is cancer?
Our body is made up of over 100 billion cells and cancer usually starts with a change in a small group of cells or even a single cell. In total, there are more than 200 types of cancer, but all begin with mutations in the DNA present within each cell.
What exactly are mutations?
Consider your DNA as a big ‘recipe book’ and think of your genes as different recipes for making different dishes. Mutations are spots or missing words in this ‘recipe’ that result in the main ingredients not being added to the mixture. Regardless of the type of cancer or the cell from which it develops, mutations in our genes result in the cell not understanding its instructions. These mutations can occur by chance during splicing, but can also be the result of lifestyle habits such as smoking, drinking, and inactivity. Research has found that for a normal cell to turn into a cancer cell, typically 1-10 different mutations are required.
How is cancer treated?
Cancer treatment options depend on many factors, including where your cancer is, how big it is, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. The main treatments for cancer include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Survival rates have improved significantly over the past 50 years due to improvements in cancer research. Cancer recovery depends on various factors such as age (people under 40 have higher chances of survival), overall health and history of the disease in the family, etc. (The Conversation)
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