The challenges associated with climate change are no longer limited to environmental issues—such as melting glaciers or rising sea levels. They’re having a profound impact on our health—especially our brain—in subtle, yet profound ways. From rising temperatures to changing weather patterns and pollution, these factors are now being directly linked to serious medical conditions like stroke. Experts warn that the risk of stroke is no longer limited to eating habits or lifestyle choices; Rather, it is inextricably linked with the air we breathe and the temperature of the environment in which we live. Furthermore, it is emerging as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide.
Increased risk of stroke due to heat and dehydration
According to reports, extreme heat significantly increases the risk of stroke. A new scientific statement issued by the World Stroke Organization—published in the *International Journal of Stroke*—highlights that outdoor weather conditions are now beginning to affect the physiological processes occurring within our brain. The basic mechanism behind this is that when the temperature rises too much, the body loses fluids rapidly, leading to dehydration. As a result, the blood thickens, increasing the risk of clot formation—that is, the blood becomes sticky and begins to clot—which can lead to ischemic stroke. Additionally, heat puts additional strain on the heart and blood vessels, further increasing the risk.
Effect of sudden change in weather*
People often attribute such health problems to heat alone; However, in this context, it is not just about high temperatures—sudden and abrupt changes in weather conditions also have significant effects on the human body. Rapid fluctuations in temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure can trigger an increase in blood pressure, a primary sign of stroke. Experts believe that when the body is forced to adapt to constantly changing weather patterns, it puts unnecessary strain on both the heart and the brain, increasing the risk of stroke.
Danger of pollution and mixed weather
Then, what experts call “compound events” occur—weather conditions that cause multiple problems at the same time. Here we mean the combination of climate change and increasing air pollution. In such circumstances, these issues aggravate each other, causing immense stress on the human body. Increasing air pollution along with climate change significantly increases the risk of stroke. Smoke from vehicles and factories—as well as events caused by climate change, such as wildfires and dust storms—release very small particles into the air. These particles reach the blood through the lungs and damage the blood veins, increasing the risk of blockage or bursting of the veins. Worldwide, it is estimated that more than 20 percent of stroke cases are linked to pollution. Additionally, the risk increases when multiple weather conditions—such as heat coupled with drought, or cold with humidity—occur at the same time.
Who is affected the most, and what are the solutions?
According to reports, the condition proves to be particularly dangerous—and sometimes fatal—for the elderly, outdoor workers, and those who are already frail or suffering from a chronic illness. Importantly, approximately 89 percent of stroke cases occur in low-income countries—the areas most affected by climate change, but with the least resources to mitigate these impacts. Experts emphasize that reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adopting clean energy sources, and increasing public awareness are important steps to reduce this threat. Additionally, it is important to prepare health services to effectively respond to weather-related health threats.
